“The Pani invaded the Dakota area because they believed they had superiority in possession of firearms. A fight ensues, which the Dakota win, but Harka’s mother is killed by a missed shot from a Pani rifle. However, the buffalo stay away. ”
“Since the Pani are at the service of the whites, they get buffalo meat and guns from them. Until then, rifles were regarded by the Dakota as magic weapons or secret irons (“Mazza-waken”) because they were still unknown to the warriors.”